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Objective@#To explore the changes and clinical significance of serum prolactin and estrogen levels in women with autoimmune thyroid diseases.@*Methods@#From January 2018 to December 2018, 76 newly diagnosed female patients with autoimmune thyroid diseasein outpatient and inpatient clinics of the People's Hospital of Hebei Province were selected as study group, including 40 cases of Graves' disease and 36 cases of hashimoto's thyroiditis.And 60 healthy women with age matched were selected as control group.Serum estrogen, prolactin, thyroid hormone and their antibodies, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 and other related indicators were determined before and after treatment, and the correlation analysis was performed.@*Results@#The levels of estrogen[(302.85±78.62)ng/L], prolactin [(15.98±4.18)μg/L], IL-2 [(224.45±61.28)ng/L], IL-6 [(211.46±67.25)ng/L] in the study group were all higher than those in the control group [(228.4±71.38)ng/L, (10.35±3.21)μg/L, (120.34±38.27)ng/L, (165.51±50.09)ng/L], and the IL-10 level in the study group was lower than that in the control group [study group: (15.65±4.86)ng/L; control group: (20.12±4.83)ng/L] , there were statistically significant difference between the two groups(t=5.78, 3.11, 8.98, 3.94, all P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of estrogen [(237.11±70.42)ng/L], prolactin[(10.40±3.32)μg/L], IL-2[(122.67±38.99)ng/L], IL-6[(166.24±52.09)ng/L] in the study group were significantly decreased compared with before treatment(t=5.56, 3.76, 9.04, 4.02, all P<0.05), and the IL-10 level [(19.96±4.93)ng/L] was significantly increased (t=3.95, P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in thyroid antibody between the two groups (P>0.05). Estrogen level was positively correlated with prolactin, IL-2 and IL-6(r=0.327, 0.298, 0.336, all P<0.01), and negatively correlated with IL-10(r=-0.285, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Elevated levels of estrogen and prolactin can stimulate the production and release of inflammatory cytokines, thus affecting the level of thyroid hormone, which is closely related to the female autoimmune thyroid disease.
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Some of the recombinant protein therapeutics with short half-life requires high frequent dose or injection, which results in poor patient compliance. This challenge has prompted the development of long-acting recombinant proteins in recent years. Four strategies and methods, including chemical modification, protein engineering, fusion proteins and protein glycosylation are used to modify protein molecule and finally obtain improved pharmacokinetics (PK) properties. This article reviews the four strategies of half-life extension and presents a detailed list of long-acting therapeutics on US, EU and China markets.
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Objective To study the changes and the role of MCP -1,IL -8,VEGF,NO,NOS in the T2DM patients with different types of CHD.Methods According to the result of coronary arteriongraphy and clinical symp-toms,and the diagnostic code of T2DM established by Chinese Medical Association diabetology branch in 2007, 126 patients of T2DMwith CHD were chosen and divided into two groups:ACS +T2DM group (A group,74 cases) and SAP +T2DMgroup (B group,52 cases),in addition,50 healthy people were chosen as control group.The levels of MCP -1,IL -8,VEGF were measured by the method of ELISA.The level of NO was measured by the method of nitrate reductase and NOS activity was measured by the method of spectrophotometer.Then,the results were analyzed. Results The levels of MCP -1 and IL -8 in A group and B group were[(115.98 ±39.57)pg/mL,(98.76 ± 31.55)pg/mL],[(131.22 ±42.83)pg/mL,(115.75 ±40.37)pg/mL],which were all higher than those in group C [(75.63 ±23.69)pg/mL,(68.53 ±37.85)pg/mL,t =4.12,2.26,3.78,2.21,all P 0.05). MCP -1 was positively correlated with Il -8,VEGF (r =0.35,0.33,all P <0.01),and it had negative correlation with NO (r =-0.24,P <0.05).Conclusion Inflammatory factor and oxidative stress both participate in the T2DM with different types of CHD,it relates with the degree of CHD.
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Objective To study the vancomycin-resistant genes and the virulence factors genes in vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE),and to analyze the drug-resistance character and epidemic characteristics of VRE strains and provide the basis for clincal selection of drugs and infection control.Methods VRE were screened by agar dilution sieving plate (ADSP) containing 6 μg/ml of vancomycin,drug resistance of VRE to other common antibiotics were detected by VITEK-60 automatic microbial analyzer.The gene types and virulence factor genes of VRE were determined by PCR.And the genetic relationships among VRE were determined by multilocus sequence typing.Results Seven vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium strains were found in 360 enterococcus strains.All the VRE strains exhibited high-level vancomycin resistance ; some of them were medium or senstive to teicoplanin.They all carried vanA gene and esp gene and one of them carried 4 kinds of virulence factor genes.The ST type of the 7 VRE strains were diffused distribution.Conclusion We found vanB phenotype vanA genotype vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates in Wenzhou; these VRE strains were multidrug resistance and carried various virulence factor genes.Linezolid could be used as a recommend drug for treatment of VRE infection.The protection of antibiotics sensitivity should be strengthened.